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ACSES079

The cost-effective use of renewable energy resources is constrained by the efficiency of available technologies to collect, store and transfer the energy

ACSES071

Non-renewable mineral and energy resources are formed over geological time scales so are not readily replenished

ACSES072

The location of non-renewable mineral and energy resources, including fossil fuels, iron ore and gold, is related to their geological setting (for example, sedimentary basins, igneous terrains)

Renewable resources are those that are typically replenished at time scales of years to decades and include harvestable resources (for example, water, biota and some energy resources) and services (for example, ecosystem services)

ACMEM033

use units of energy to describe the amount of energy in activity, such as kilojoules

ACSPH039

Energy is conserved in the energy transfers and transformations that occur in an electrical circuit

ACSPH024

Because energy is conserved, the change in internal energy of a system is equal to the energy added or removed by heating plus the work done on or by the system

ACSES078

The abundance of a renewable resource and how readily it can be replenished influence the rate at which it can be sustainably used at local, regional and global scales

ACSCH071

The activation energy is the minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to occur and is related to the strength of the existing chemical bonds; the magnitude of the activation energy influences the rate of a chemical reaction

ACSPH031

Einstein’s mass/energy relationship, which applies to all energy changes, enables the energy released in nuclear reactions to be determined from the mass change in the reaction

ACMEM032

use units of energy used for foods, including calories

ACMEM034

convert from one unit of energy to another.

ACSPH019

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a system

ACSCH072

Energy profile diagrams can be used to represent the enthalpy changes and activation energy associated with a chemical reaction

ACSPH034

A fission chain reaction is a self-sustaining process that may be controlled to produce thermal energy, or uncontrolled to release energy explosively

ACSPH036

More energy is released per nucleon in nuclear fusion than in nuclear fission because a greater percentage of the mass is transformed into energy

ACSPH042

Power is the rate at which energy is transformed by a circuit component; power enables quantitative analysis of energy transformations in the circuit

ACSPH134

The concept of mass-energy equivalence emerged from the special theory of relativity and explains the source of the energy produced in nuclear reactions

ACSCH135

Green chemistry principles include the design of chemical synthesis processes that use renewable raw materials, limit the use of potentially harmful solvents and minimise the amount of unwanted products

ACSBL044

Cells require inputs of suitable forms of energy, including light energy or chemical energy in complex molecules, and matter, including gases, simple nutrients, ions, and removal of wastes, to survive

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