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Elaboration (2) ACLVIC159

using descriptive or expressive language when discussing contrasting aspects of personal world such as home and school, discipline and freedom, study and entertainment, appearance and personality, and when offering and justifying opinions, for example, …

Elaboration (6) ACLVIU151

comparing Vietnamese words that end with i and y, and identifying words that are commonly misspelled, such as tai and tay, mai and may, ngài and ngày

Elaboration (5) ACLVIU117

developing familiarity with similarities and differences in Vietnamese sound–letter correspondence, such as a, ă, â; e, ê; o, ô, ơ; u, ư; as well as c and k, i and y, s and x, and ch and tr

Elaboration (3) ACLVIU151

exploring Vietnamese sounds such as heterographs, for example, giai and dai, dây and giây, and homonyms, for example, bàn (bàn bạc) or bàn (cái bàn)

Elaboration (4) ACLVIU012

differentiating between consonant blends that are pronounced similarly such as ch and tr, d and gi, s and x, for example, che chở versus cây tre; hung dữ versus giữ nhà; cá sấu versus xấu quá

Elaboration (2) ACLVIU151

understanding the variability of sound–letter matches and distinguishing between similar sounds such as ch and tr, s and x (chai/trai or song/xong)

Elaboration (5) ACLVIU151

applying Vietnamese spelling rules, for example, k, gh and ngh only go with i, e, and ê (kiến, kẻ, kể, ghi, ghe, ghế, nghỉ, nghe, nghệ)

Elaboration (1) ACLVIU121

exploring the range of languages spoken in Australia, including Aboriginal languages and Torres Strait Islander languages, Asian languages and world languages

Elaboration ACLVIC183

considering how being bilingual offers different ways of interpreting the world and representing experience

Elaboration (3) ACLVIU168

comparing own Vietnamese speech patterns with standard Vietnamese pronunciation, and making adjustments to their pronunciation of certain sounds or tone markers as necessary, for example, g and r, s and x, ch and tr, or d and gi and v

Elaboration ACLVIC113

interpreting/translating greetings and other learnt words and phrases from Vietnamese into English, for example, cảm ơn (thanks), tạm biệt (goodbye), chào (hello), xin lỗi (sorry)

Elaboration (7) ACLVIU117

exploring Vietnamese spelling strategies such as grouping words according to initial letters that represent particular sounds, for example, h (hoa hồng, hát, học) or m (mẹ, má, mèo)

Elaboration (3) ACLVIU138

reflecting on changes in language practices in modern Vietnamese, and making comparisons with traditional Vietnamese, for example, sử ký and lịch sử, thầy u and ba mẹ, sư phụ and thầy cô

Elaboration ACLVIC107

making simple requests using Làm ơn and expressing thanks with Cảm ơn

Elaboration (8) ACLVIU169

exploring homonyms encountered in texts, for example, bò (‘cow’ or ‘to crawl’), ăn (‘eat’ or ‘win’), đỗ/đậu (‘pass the exam’ or ‘bean’), bàn (‘table’ or ‘discuss’), lợi (‘benefit’ or ‘gum’), đen (‘black’ or ‘unlucky’)

Elaboration (1) ACLVIU012

reading, listening to and reproducing Vietnamese words with different tone markers, recognising that Vietnamese is a tonal language, and understanding that pitch changes affect the meaning of a word, for example, ma (‘ghost’), mà (‘but’/‘that’), má (‘mother’), …

Elaboration ACLVIU016

recognising that many Vietnamese words are borrowed from other languages such as French, for example, ba lê (‘ballet’), cà phê (‘café’), da-ua (‘yaourt’), căn-tin (‘cantine’) and gara (‘garage’), and particularly from Chinese, for example, hoàng thượng/sư …

Elaboration (5) ACLVIU029

recognising regional variations in pronunciation (from different regions such as the North, the Central and the South), for example, different ways of pronouncing dấu hỏi and dấu ngã, s and x, ch as tr, v/gi and d, and final consonants such as -t and …

Elaboration (1) ACLVIU117

building phonic awareness by recognising and experimenting with sounds and rhythms, focusing on letters that are similar in the English alphabet but produce different sounds in Vietnamese, for example, e and i, d and đ

Elaboration (5) ACLVIU012

understanding and applying spelling rules for special cases such as the initial consonant k and consonant clusters kh, gh, ngh can go with the vowels i, e, ê only, for example, kể, khi, nghỉ, ghe, nghe, nghề, and rules relating to middle tone markers …

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